Este artigo pretende, através de uma breve apresentação da teoria da memória de Henri Bergson (1859-1941), compreender como o conceito de duração possibilita a coexistência entre passado e futuro na obra deste autor. Para isto, será necessário entender em que consiste o tempo para o filósofo francês, assim como a relação do tempo com a memória e com o corpo. A partir da obra Matéria e memória, escrita e publicada na virada do século XIX para o século XX (1896) e (...) um dos textos fundamentais para a compreensão da filosofia da duração bergsoniana, será explicitada a concepção de tempo real como sucessão, continuidade, mudança, memória e criação e, consequentemente, como duração. (shrink)

The paper is an attempt to answer the question: what kind of philosophical theory of perception may warrant the claim that one can perceive contradictions, that is, undergo visual or other experiences with contradictory contents? Apparently, the conception of perceptual experience endorsed by Graham Priest makes it intelligible that one can truly experience contradictions. Moreover, as we try to argue, Priest’s insistence that one can perceive contradictions is to some extent defensible on the ground of a version of direct realism (...) which identifies content of perception with its object, and underlines holistic character of perceptual experience. (shrink)

The human voice does not deceive. The one who is speaking is inevitably revealed by the singular sound of her voice, no matter “what” she says. We take this fact for granted—for example, every time someone asks, over the telephone, “Who is speaking?” and receives as a reply the familiar utterance, “It’s me.” Starting from the given uniqueness of every voice, Cavarero rereads the history of philosophy through its peculiar evasion of this embodied uniqueness. She shows how this history—along with (...) the fields it comprehends, such as linguistics, musicology, political theory, and studies in orality—might be grasped as the “devocalization of Logos,” as the invariable privileging of semantike over phone, mind over body. Female figures—from the Sirens to the Muses, from Echo to opera singers—provide a crucial counterhistory, one in which the embodied voice triumphs over the immaterial semantic. Reconstructing this counterhistory, Cavarero proposes a “politics of the voice” wherein the ancient bond between Logos and politics is reconfigured, and wherein what matters is not the communicative content of a given discourse, but rather who is speaking. (shrink)

O presente artigo compartilha uma experiência filosófica vivenciada a partir do acompanhamento e relato de uma aula de filosofia e da questão: que pode uma obra literária/leitura(s) suscitar como uma experiência de pensamento numa aula de filosofia? Seguindo a reflexão do como o ato da leitura literária pode constituir-se viés proponente para principiar experiência de pensamento, fio condutor de um diálogo que movimentará a roda da conversa, dialogamos e traçamos um caminhar paralelo ora por metáfora, ora por comparação, entre o (...) relato dessa experiência vivenciada na escola da rede pública municipal e a transformação/metamorfose da borboleta. A partir de então, projetamos num dizer poético a leveza, o convite para o voo, para possibilidades de perder o chão a fim de ganhar e habitar nos ares que dá, literalmente, voz a uma criança do primeiro ano com provável diagnóstico de autismo, há seis meses inserida no ensino regular, que não falava em público. Pensando a experiência conforme Larrosa (2011) como algo que afeta, perpassa, “isso que me passa”, e o pensar na escola pública a partir de Kohan (2016), como sendo esse um dos paradoxos imperativos e preocupação primeira das práticas educacionais, perseguimos o objetivo de apresentar a filosofia para/com crianças como uma possibilidade real de oportunizar o romper de casulos, a concretização de um ciclo da metamorfose de uma infância ou da própria educação no/para o pensar; apresentamos, enfim, a importância da filosofia na/para a educação, sendo ela literariamente a oportunidade para estimular o pensar. (shrink)

Los Comités Hospitalarios de Bioética (CHB) tienen la atribución de emitir sugerencias al personal de salud, ante casos clínicos difíciles que involucran problemas y/o dilemas bioéticos. A nivel mundial, y también en México, se encontró poca literatura relacionada, generando en ocasiones cierto grado de incertidumbre en los profesionales de la salud para su resolución. Objetivo: describir los motivos de presentación de casos clínicos de pacientes ante el CHB en un hospital de segundo nivel, desde junio de 2007 a junio de (...) 2018. Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal; la muestra fue por conveniencia y se obtuvieron 48 registros de minutas. Resultados: el motivo de consulta más frecuente ante los CHB fue el apoyo en la decisión para la limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico, con 24 casos (50%). Se identificaron 34 dilemas bioéticos (71%) y 14 problemas bioéticos (29%). Conclusiones: ayudará a los servicios médicos tratantes a identificar e intervenir oportunamente, al basarse en situaciones previas sobre dilemas y/o problemas bioéticos. (shrink)

El exilio es a la vez una experiencia autobiográfico y tema de reflexión en la obra de María Zambrano. En este artículo propongo una lectura de las figuras del exilio y del exiliado como Gedankenexperiment – un razonar hipotético e imaginario sobre un caso concreto - que permite a la autora desarrollar un argumento filosófico pero dentro del marco del lenguaje figurativo. Esta manera de interpretar las figuras mencionadas me permite trazar la circulación de figuras y la influencia de Zambrano (...) en el desarrollo de la filosofía bio-política italiana, sobre todo en la autora Adriana Cavarero. Al nivel del argumento filosófico la lectura me permite ver como Zambrano y Cavarero entienden al exilio y el exiliado como un límite interior a la patria y las conclusiones éticas a las que llegan a partir de esta idea. Concluyo que la manera de trabajar con figuras literarias es una estrategia de estilo consciente que intenta hacer efectivo la postura ética producida en la elaboración sobre el exilio. (shrink)

Abstract:In this article I stage an encounter between Adriana Cavarero's account of uniqueness and Hortense Spillers's account of the flesh. Doing so is valuable for two reasons: First, it forces Cavarero's thought to consider not only the exclusion of women from the Western tradition, but also the anti-Blackness foundational to this tradition. This both expands and contorts Cavarero's thought, affirming her key claims while also altering them in the process. Second, reading Cavarero and Spillers together allows me to explore (...) the way forms of life that evade representation can be known. Both uniqueness and the flesh are evasive of representation; by reading them together—supplementing Cavarero's consideration of the embodied character of uniqueness with Spillers's distinction between body and flesh—I develop an account of apprehension that emphasizes touch as a way of knowing apart from representation. Apprehension takes seriously the ambivalence in Spillers's account of the flesh, whereby it is both revealed through violence as well as through practices of care, which, as Saidiya Hartman has made clear, are often in a proximate relation in the ongoing legacies of transatlantic slavery. (shrink)

Adriana Novoa and Alex Levine offer here a history and interpretation of the reception of Darwinism in Argentina, illuminating the ways culture shapes ...

In recent decades scholars have acknowledged that transactions in the informal economy have not vanished with modernization and industrialization as expected but rather remain an important contemporary aspect of overall production and consumption across the world, in both developing and developed countries. Yet little is known about the profile of the consumers in this realm or what drives them to purchase from the informal economy. A systematic review of the literature investigating consumption in the informal economy reveals a severely underdeveloped (...) area of consumer studies with significant gaps in terms of its theoretical approaches, methods and regional coverage. The findings of the existing literature is that multiple motives are used by consumers for justifying their purchases in the informal economy beyond the dominant simplistic view that they do simply for financial gain or for a lower price. The outcome is a recognition that responsibility to reducing this phenomenon with negative effects on governments, businesses, workers and consumers lies not just with public authorities but also practitioners who need to correct the failures in formal market provision. The significant gaps identified in the literature are then used to highlight a comprehensive future research agenda, which includes the need for the development of an institutionalist theoretical perspective when explaining consumers‘ participation in the informal economy and social marketing interventions. (shrink)

André Tosel, décédé en mars 2017, était un philosophe engagé, attaché tout au long de son existence à faire vivre un marxisme critique puisant notamment dans le meilleur de la tradition italienne de ce courant de pensée ; il fut l'un des rares français à introduire et discuter les oeuvres majeures d'A. Labriola et surtout d'A. Gramsci, ainsi par ailleurs que celles de Vico dont il fut un fin connaisseur. Il consacra sa thèse de doctorat d'état aux rapports entre religion, (...) politique et philosophie chez Spinoza et contribua de façon décisive à de nouvelles lectures du philosophe en le mettant en miroir de Marx. Professeur de philosophie des universités de Besançon, Franche Comté, de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne et de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, dans lesquelles il occupa de nombreuses fonctions de directions administratives et scientifiques, il était un homme de collectif attaché à faire vivre le savoir, s'engageant dans la vie universitaire et politique, contribuant également de manière décisive au lancement et à l'animation de la revue Actuel Marx. Passionné par l'évolution des pensées contemporaines, il intervenait régulièrement dans des débats d'actualité, sous la forme de contributions dans L'Humanité ou dans des ouvrages destinés à un public large, tout particulièrement dans la dernière période sur les questions de sécularisation, de laïcité et de religion. Cet ouvrage entend lui rendre hommage en abordant les différentes facettes de son oeuvre, traversant un demi-siècle de vie intellectuelle. (shrink)

Em um artigo intitulado “Whether certainty is a form of life”, Elizabeth Wolgast ataca por duas vias diversas a concepção witgensteiniana de proposição gramatical desenvolvida no Da Certeza. Ela acusa Wittgenstein de contradizer certas teses centrais das Investigações Filosóficas, ao estabelecer como significativas proposições sem uso em nossos jogos de linguagem correntes, e denuncia a precariedade da tese, supostamente presente no Da Certeza, de que proposições gramaticais descrevem nosso sistema de crenças. Procuro refutar ambas as objeções por meio de uma (...) apresentação de evidências de que proposições gramaticais podem ter uso efetivo em jogos de linguagem correntes, e da demonstração de que uma mesma proposição pode, a um só tempo, descrever o uso das palavras em uma língua e servir como exemplo (modelo) de uso. Busco apoio no artigo de Debrah Aidun, “Wittgenstein on gramatical propositions”, para efetuar essa investigação sobre o estatuto das proposições gramaticais e faço complementações a seus argumentos de modo a aproximar o último Wittgenstein das pesquisas sobre os atos de fala conforme desenvolvidas por Austin e Searle. (shrink)

In this paper, we intend to demonstrate that the asylum request process can have its semantic and politic structures evidenced from an access via philosophy of language. In order to elucidate the normative nature of this social practice and to take a critical stance in relation to the treatment given to the refuge interview as it has been done in our country, we resort to certain concepts developed by the so called later Wittgenstein. Looking for a more complete treatment of (...) our object of study, we also turn to the authors of Bakhtin’s Circle, which explore communicational dimensions that the Viennese philosopher did not properly explore – with special emphasis on “value accents”. In order to collect empirical evidence relevant to our purposes, a field research was carried out with professionals and volunteers involved in the asylum request interviews. The resulting reports provided us with more basis for the considerations we make about the normative fragility of the interview language game and the intricate value system that guides the interaction between interviewer, interpreter and interviewee. (shrink)

4e de couv.: Les écrits de Michel Foucault sont stratifiés, hiérarchisés, entre les livres, les entretiens et les cours au Collège de France, mais ils sont surtout disséminés dans leurs usages. Désormais, et en plus de l'histoire des sciences et de la philosophie, les "effets" Foucault sont palpables sur la théorie de la littérature et du cinéma, l'histoire culturelle et sociale, les théories du genre, la pensée politique, les sciences de gestion, etc. C'est dans ce chantier ouvert que se situe (...) cet ouvrage. Il s'agit pour Jérôme Lamy, Jean-François Bert et leur équipe de spécialistes de resituer et d'analyser une pensée empruntant des questionnements à d'autres champs, de la psychologie à l'économie, de la science politique à la géographie, tout en ne se réclamant pas de ces sciences humaines et sociales. Pour comprendre la position de Foucault, les grands axes méthodologiques qu'il a parcourus sont retracés, telle l'archéologie, l'épistémè, la problématisation. Les concepts, des ouvrages maintenant classiques aux cours et à l'histoire de la sexualité, sont également revisités. Cette lecture critique des écrits et des usages de Foucault permet de le confronter aux analyses les plus récentes en sciences sociales, comme les postcolonial studies, ou de suivre les dialogues engagés (parfois à distance) avec des auteurs comme Norbert Elias, Michel de Certeau et Pierre Bourdieu. Un inventaire aussi rigoureux qu'éclairant. (shrink)

Relating Narratives is a major new work by the philosopher and feminist thinker Adriana Cavarero. First published in Italian to widespread acclaim, Relating Narratives is a fascinating and challenging new account of the relationship between selfhood and narration. Drawing a diverse array of thinkers from both the philosophical and the literary tradition, from Sophocles and Homer to Hannah Arendt, Karen Blixen, Walter Benjamin and Borges, Adriana Cadarero's theory of the `narratable self' shows how narrative models in philosophy and (...) literature can open new ways of thinking about formation of human identities. By showing how each human being has a unique story that can be told about them, Adriana Cavarero inaugurates an important shift in thinking about subjectivity and identity which relies not upon categorical or discursive norms, but rather seeks to account for `who' each one of us uniquely is. (shrink)

In this article, Adriana Cavarero and Nidesh Lawtoo resume a dialogue on mimetic inclinations in view of furthering a relational, embodied and affective conception of subjectivity that challenges homo erectus from the immanent perspective of homo mimeticus. If a dominant philosophical tradition tends to restrict mimesis to an illusory representation of reality, Plato was the first to know that mimesis also operates as an affective force, or pathos, that dispossesses the subject. While Plato tended to emphasize the pathological implications (...) of mimesis, Cavarero and Lawtoo agree that both mimesis and inclinations go beyond good and evil and can be put to both pathological and democratic use. Picking up a dialogue started during a walk in New York City, Cavarero and Lawtoo, take their shared interests in Joseph Conrad's relating narratives as an occasion to discuss good and bad mimetic inclinations in contemporary politics and ethics. Joined in conclusion by the Gendered Mimesis team (Willow Verkerk, Isabelle Dahms and Giulia Rignano), topics addressed include new fascism, surging democracy, ethical responsibility for vulnerable others, hypermaternity and public happiness in a precarious world. (shrink)

In 2009 the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil established a conflict resolution mechanism to help rural communities address their grievances against palm oil companies that are RSPO members. This article presents the broadest ever comprehensive assessment of the use and effectiveness of the RSPO conflict resolution mechanism, providing both overviews and in-depth analysis. Our central question is: to what extent does the RSPO conflict resolution mechanism offer an accessible, fair and effective tool for communities in Indonesia to resolve conflicts with (...) companies? Our aim is not only to provide a ‘reality check’ of this mechanism but also to contribute to the wider debate on how communities can seek access to justice when engaged in intractable conflicts with palm oil companies. For data collection, we took three steps. First, we used our own database of 150 conflicts between communities and companies in Indonesia. We identified 64 conflicts that involved RSPO member companies, of which 17 prompted communities to convey their grievances to the RSPO’s conflict resolution mechanism. Second, we used the database of the RSPO, which handled 85 complaints against companies in Indonesia in the period 2009–2020. Third, we conducted fieldwork, in total, about 6 months of fieldwork and extensive interviews on three conflicts involving RSPO companies to identify mechanisms leading to both failed and successful instances of conflict resolution. For our assessment, we used three criteria to assess the conflict resolution mechanism of the RSPO: accessibility, procedural justice, and the outcomes of the process. We conclude that—on all counts—the conflict resolution mechanism is biased in favor of companies. The result of these biases is that the actual capacity of the RSPO’s mechanism to provide a meaningful remedy for rural communities’ grievances remains very limited. This unequal access to justice sustains conflicts between companies and communities over land. (shrink)

Les avant-gardes se sont affirmées par leur volonté de rupture avec les traditions esthétiques et idéologiques de leur époque. Les positions ambivalentes des acteurs de l'avant-garde sont pourtant nombreuses. Cet ouvrage analyse ce paradoxe à travers différents exemples.

This short contribution is written on the occasion of the book discussion of Sophie Loidolt’s Phenomenology of Plurality: Hannah Arendt on Political Intersubjectivity at the Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory. It presents an attempt to read the two key notions Loidolt elaborates in her book – spaces of meaning and spaces of the public and private – from a critical perspective offered by Judith Butler’s taking up of Arendt’s work. Offering Butler’s conception of social ontology through several major points (...) of contestation with Arendt, I argue against an all too simple reduction of her understanding of the political and normativity to poststructuralist ones. (shrink)

I introduce a novel multidimensional framework tailored to investigate a set of phenomena that might appear intractable and render them amenable to scientific inquiry. In particular, I focus on examining altered states of consciousness that appear to the experiencing subject as “contentless” or “objectless” states in some form, either by having disrupted or reduced content of awareness, or content that appears as missing altogether. By drawing on empirical research, I propose a cluster of phenomenological dimensions aimed at enhancing our understanding (...) of this group of experiences of minimal awareness, including “Richness of the Content”, “Bodily-Awareness”, “Passage of Time”, “Attentional Focus”, and “Self-Revelation”. The result is a robust framework that provides precise scientific terminology, facilitating its operationalisation and adaptability for future empirical work. I show the explanatory power of this framework through a case study of the state of clear light sleep—a state widely reported by Indo-Tibetan Buddhist traditions as an instance of pure awareness during sleep, a state of consciousness-as-such. This rare phenomenon has gained increasing attention in contemporary analytic philosophy of mind for the study of the nature of consciousness. However, we still lack consensus on its characterisation and potential identity with other associated states. I end the paper by illustrating how the state of clear light sleep can be situated in relation to other associated states and more ordinary ones as regions of a multidimensional state space. (shrink)

Em Situating the self: gender, community and postmodernism in contemporary ethics, publicado em 1992, Seyla Benhabib propôs a ideia de reversibilidade de perspectivas, como um exercício real ou imaginado, por meio do qual poderíamos fazer presente a perspectiva do outro. Na sequência, Iris Young fez críticas ao conceito, problematizando a sua possibilidade e mesmo a sua desejabilidade. Para Young o problema é a ideia de simetria que fundamenta especialmente a sua versão imaginada. Através da análise dos argumentos apresentados nos textos, (...) e da avaliação contextual de dois encontros com a questão negra nos Estados Unidos – o de Hannah Arendt e o da própria Benhabib – o artigo buscará questionar essa possibilidade, retomando as críticas de Young e as pretensões do conceito para a teoria democrática de Benhabib argumentando que há um impasse entre a necessidade do diálogo imaginado para a sua potencialidade para se pensar a política contemporânea e a sua impossibilidade e mesmo indesejabilidade. (shrink)

La paz y la seguridad internacionales no sólo son el resultado de la ausencia de guerras, es decir, no son únicamente el fundamento de la preservación del orden o ausencia de violencia, sino que incluyen también, para ser alcanzadas, aspectos diversos, tales como la seguridad alimentaria. Dentro del abanico de los nuevos riesgos y amenazas a la paz y seguridad internacionales, cada vez más se está teniendo en consideración las repercusiones negativas que tienen las crisis alimentarias y el hambre que (...) sufren en torno a 800 millones de personas en todo el mundo. La preocupación y abordaje de estos temas hizo que por primera vez, el 30 de marzo de 2016, la FAO se dirigiese al Consejo de Seguridad con el objetivo de reafirmar la necesidad de mejorar la seguridad alimentaria como aspecto fundamental para la consolidación de una paz y seguridad internacional sostenibles. (shrink)

No presente trabalho, procuro mostrar que um esclarecimento prévio acerca do papel da metáfora nas barganhas de significado é elemento imprescindível para a constituição de uma Filosofia da Retórica. Para tanto, recorro ao tratamento precursor conferido por I.A. Richards ao tema da metáfora na obra intitulada The Philosophy of Rhetoric e proponho complementações ao mesmo a partir de uma concepção de aprendizado da linguagem de orientação wittgensteiniana.

The main purpose of this paper is to make a reflection on the war from the work both by Karl von Clausewitz and Raymond Aron. The hypothesis proposed herein is that a misunderstanding of the theories proposed by the Prussian General may have led to an erroneous recognition about him as father of some tactics employed by some totalitarian regimes of the 20th Century in order to crush their opponents. In an effort to corroborate this idea, the analysis will be (...) based on two seminal sources, the Vom Kriege and Thinking about the war, Clausewitz, which will be supplemented by secondary literature comprising books and articles. It is to avoid that local and international conflicts that are unleashed on the world stage be approaching the limits of absolute war is to practice moderation (an essential political understanding) when making decisions related to the military leadership of the confrontation. (shrink)

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnienia znanego pod nazwą „problemu prostych umysłów” tak, jak klaruje się ono w zestawieniu czterech doniosłych głosów w debacie na temat możliwości przypisywania zwierzętom życia mentalnego bez przypisywania im zdolności do posługiwania się językiem. Głosy te należą do: Donalda Davidsona, Johna McDowella, Petera Carruthersa oraz Jose L. Bermúdeza. Dwaj pierwsi autorzy bronią przekonaniowo-pragnieniowego modelu myślenia, w którym decydującą rolę pełni zdolność do posługiwania się językiem. Dwaj pozostali akceptację modelu przekonaniowo-pragnieniowego łączą z argumentem przeciwko wiązaniu myśli z językiem. Analizując (...) szczegółowo argumenty obu stanowisk przychylam się do rozwiązania proponowanego w ramach podejścia sformułowanego w oparciu o ustalenia Carruthersa i Bermúdeza. (shrink)

O livro, Jesus: aproximação histórica, do teólogo José Antonio Pagola veio enriquecer a teologia e, de forma especial, a cristologia. Trata-se de uma obra que pretende apresentar Jesus de forma que seja conhecido e amado. A obra é escrita por uma pessoa de fé, situada no seio da Igreja católica, obra de um cristão, presbítero, que tem o ardente desejo de comunicar a pessoa de Jesus.

Words like "terrorism" and "war" no longer encompass the scope of contemporary violence. With this explosive book, Adriana Cavarero, one of the world's most provocative feminist theorists and political philosophers, effectively renders such terms obsolete. She introduces a new word—"horrorism"—to capture the experience of violence. Unlike terror, horrorism is a form of violation grounded in the offense of disfiguration and massacre. Numerous outbursts of violence fall within Cavarero's category of horrorism, especially when the phenomenology of violence is considered from (...) the perspective of the victim rather than that of the warrior. Cavarero locates horrorism in the philosophical, political, literary, and artistic representations of defenseless and vulnerable victims. She considers both terror and horror on the battlefields of the _Iliad_, in the decapitation of Medusa, and in the murder of Medea's children. In the modern arena, she forges a link between horror, extermination, and massacre, especially the Nazi death camps, and revisits the work of Primo Levi, Hannah Arendt's thesis on totalitarianism, and Arendt's debate with Georges Bataille on the estheticization of violence and cruelty. In applying the horroristic paradigm to the current phenomena of suicide bombers, torturers, and hypertechnological warfare, Cavarero integrates Susan Sontag's views on photography and the eroticization of horror, as well as ideas on violence and the state advanced by Thomas Hobbes and Carl Schmitt. Through her searing analysis, Caverero proves that violence against the helpless claims a specific vocabulary, one that has been known for millennia, and not just to the Western tradition. Where common language fails to form a picture of atrocity, horrorism paints a brilliant portrait of its vivid reality. (shrink)

What does a truly democratic experience of political action look like today? In this provocative new work, Adriana Cavarero weighs in on contemporary debates about the relationship between democracy, happiness, and dissent. Drawing upon Arendt's understanding of politics as a participatory experience, but also discussing texts by Émile Zola, Elias Canetti, Boris Pasternak, and Roland Barthes, along with engaging Judith Butler, Cavarero proposes a new view of democracy, based not on violence, but rather on the spontaneous experience of a (...) plurality of bodies coming together in public. Expanding upon the themes explored in previous works, Cavarero offers a timely intervention into current thinking about the nature of democracy, suggesting that its emergence thrives on the nonviolent creativity of a widespread, participatory, and relational power that is shared horizontally rather than vertically. From digital democracy to selfies to contemporary protest movements, Cavarero argues that we need to rethink our focus on individual happiness and turn toward rediscovering the joyful emotions of birth through plural interaction. Yes, let us be happy, she urges, but let us do so publicly, politically, together. (shrink)

El presente artículo propone una lectura paralela de dos narconovelas colombianas recientes: El ruido de las cosas al caer (2011) de Juan Gabriel Vásquez y El cielo a tiros (2018) de Jorge Franco. El objetivo del análisis consiste en identificar las convergencias entre ambas obras e interpretarlas a la luz de la evolución del paradigma narco vigente en la narrativa colombiana de los años 1990 y 2000.

Voltada ao enfoque mais específico de pensar a condição da Filosofia na universidade, esta obra traz diversas contribuições de professores e pesquisadores que têm se dedicado ao assunto. Em linhas gerais, seu conteúdo discute a noção de Estado republicano em relação à Filosofia e às instituições de ensino. Pensa os currículos, a especificidade da aprendizagem e do saber filosóficos, bem como os parâmetros da pesquisa em Filosofia na universidade. Além disso, reflete sobre as condições de inserção da Filosofia na Educação (...) Básica e no contexto das novas tecnologias, que traz a modalidade do ensino a distância. (shrink)

This article discusses the results of an investigation on discourse representation in a corpus of 34 million words constituted by texts in Brazilian Portuguese from two different genres: the research article and the science popularization article. Drawing on a systemic functional grammar perspective of language and pursuing a probabilistic approach, it focuses on the realization of lexicogrammatical systems of direct discourse representation as enacting interpersonal and social relationships. It is argued that the citation practices employed by writers in the genres (...) studied negotiate discursive distance and are influenced by the status culturally and historically ascribed to scientific knowledge. (shrink)